Equatorial radius: 6378.14 km
Mean radius: 6371.01 km
Polar radius: 6356.75 km
Flattening: 1/298.257
Equatorial Circumference: 40,075.03 km
Polar Circumference: 40,008 km
Rotational Velocity at the Equator: 465.12 m/sec or 1674.4 km/hour
Note: it's no coincidence that the polar circumference is so close to 40,000km. The metric system was defined so that a meter would be one ten-millionth thedistance from the pole to the equator. However, slight errors in measuring thedimensions of the earth at the time mean that the figure is not exact. Also, bysheer coincidence, the polar axis of the earth is 500 million inches(500,531,496 to be exact)
Surface Area - Land: 148,000,000 sq. km
Surface Area - Water: 362,000,000 sq. km
Surface Area - Total: 510,000,000 sq. km
| Mass, kg | Mass % of Earth | Radius, km | Volume km3 | Volume % of Earth | Bulk density gm/cc | |
| Earth | 5.9736 E+24 | 100.00 | 6371.01 | 1.0832E+12 | 100 | 5.515 |
| Atmosphere: | 5.137 E+18 | 0.0000865 | 5.1007E+10 | 4.71 | 1E-04 | |
| Oceans: | 1.3370 E+21 | 0.022 | 1.3770E+09 | 0.12 | 1.03 | |
| Cryosphere | 2.6 E+19 | 0.00043 | 29,000,000 | 0.9 | ||
| Biosphere | 1.15 E+16 | 1.9 E-07 | 11,500 | 1.0 (est.) | ||
| Crust: | 2.6 E+22 | 0.435 | 8.9E+09 | 0.82 | 2.92 | |
| Continental Crust | 2.1 E+22 | 0.352 | 7.3E+09 | 0.67 | 2.88 | |
| Oceanic Crust | 5.0 E+21 | 0.084 | 1.6E+09 | 0.15 | 3.13 | |
| Mantle: | 4.0430 E+24 | 67.68 | 6354 | 8.9638E+11 | 82.76 | 4.51 |
| Outer Core: | 1.8350 E+24 | 30.72 | 3480 | 1.6902E+11 | 15.61 | 10.4 |
| Inner Core: | 9.6750 E+22 | 1.62 | 1215 | 7.5131E+09 | 0.69 | 12.9 |
The atmosphere is assumed 100 km thick and is not included in the overallvolume of the earth. Oceans average 3.7 km deep, continental crust about 40 kmand oceanic crust about 5. Radius of the mantle is an average. Various sources give estimates for the volume and mass of the crust differing by 10%
Note that although the volume of the continental crust and inner core arenearly identical, the density of the inner core and hence its mass is nearlyfive times greater.
Gravitational Constant: 6.672 E-11 m3/kg-sec2
Equatorial gravity: 9.780328 m/sec2
Polar gravity: 9.832186 m/sec2
Ma2 2.4301 E+38 kg m2(M = mass of earth; a = equatorial radius)
Equatorial moment of inertia: 8.0095 E+37 kg m2
Polar moment of inertia: 8.0358 E+37 kg m2
Mean moment of inertia: 8.0187 E+37 kg m2
Moment of Inertia (Whole Earth) 0.330 Ma2 or approximately Ma2/3.
Moment of Inertia (Oceans) 5.4 E+34 kg m2
Moment of Inertia (Crust) 7.0 E+35 kg m2
Moment of Inertia (Mantle) 0.29215 Ma2 = 7.10 E+37 kg m2
Moment of Inertia (Fluid Core) 0.03757 Ma2 = 9.13 E+36 kg m2
Moment of Inertia (Inner Core) 0.000235 Ma2 = 5.71 E+34 kg m2
Escape Velocity: 11.186 km/sec
The coefficient of moment of inertia for a uniform sphere is 2/5 = 0.4, but the coefficient for earth is smaller because so much mass is concentrated in the center. Moment of inertia increases as the square of radius, so although the continents are 0.4% of the earth's mass, they have nearly 1% of the earth's moment of inertia.
Distance to Sun
Eccentricity of earth's orbit: 0.016740
Orbital Velocity
Gravitational force of Sun on Earth: 3.5423 E+22 N
Axis tilt: 23.4393 degrees
Distance to Moon
Eccentricity of moon's orbit: 0.05490
Mass of Moon: 7.349 E+22 kg (about twice the mass of earth's crust or half the mass of the inner core)
Volume of Moon: 2.197 E+10 km3 (E+19 m3) or about 2.5 times that of the earth's crust
Radius of Moon: 1737.5 km = 0.2727 the radius of the earth (3/11, very nearly)
Earth/moon mass ratio: 81.3006
Mass of Sun 1.989 E+30 kg
Energy output of sun 3.86 E+26 W